URI

270 단어·2 분·원문(.md)

URI(Uniform Resource Identifier) #

A unified way to identify resources
URIs can be further classified as locators, names, or both.
URL and URN are types of URI.

uri

The top is URL, the bottom is URN, but URL is commonly used.

URI Terminology #

Uniform: A unified way to identify resources
Resource: Anything that can be identified by a URI (no limitations)
Identifier: Information needed to distinguish from other items

URL, URN Terminology #

URL - Locator: Specifies the location of a resource
URN - Name: Assigns a name to a resource
Location can change, but the name does not.
urn:isbn:8960777331 (ISBN URN of a book)
A method to find actual resources using only URN names is not yet widespread.
From now on, I will use URI and URL interchangeably.

URL Analysis #

https://www.google.com/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Full syntax

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] https://www.google.com:443/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Protocol (https)
Hostname (www.google.com)
Port number (443)
Path (/search)
Query parameters (q=hello&hl=ko)

scheme #

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] https://www.google.com:443/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Uses major protocols
Protocol: A set of rules that dictates how to access a resource. E.g., http, https, ftp, etc.
http primarily uses port 80, https primarily uses port 443; ports can be omitted.
https adds security to http

userinfo #

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] htps://www.google.com:443/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Includes user information in the URL for authentication
Rarely used

host #

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] htps://www.google.com:443/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Hostname
Can use a domain name or an IP address directly

port #

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] htps://www.google.com:443/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Port (PORT)
Connection port
Generally omitted; if omitted, http is 80,
https is 443

query #

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] htps://www.google.com:443/search?q=hello&hl=ko

Resource path, hierarchical structure
E.g., /home/file1.jpg, /members, /members/100, /items/iphone12

fragment #

scheme://[userinfo@]host[:port][/path][?query][#fragment] https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/getting-started.html#getting-started-introducing-spring-boot

Fragment
Used for internal HTML bookmarks, etc.
Not information sent to the server