Branch

A branch is a concept for independently carrying out specific work.
Each branch, created as needed, is not affected by other branches, allowing multiple tasks to be performed simultaneously.

When you first create a repository, Git immediately creates a branch named master.
Unless you create another new branch other than 'master' and declare 'I'm going to use this branch from now on!' (checkout), all work at this time is done on the master branch.

Creating and Switching Branches #

Let's create a branch named huemang. You can write it like this: git branch <username>

git branch huemang

If you type git branch, you can see that a branch named huemang has been created.

Now, let's move from the master branch to the huemang branch. The command used for this is checkout. Type git checkout <username>.

git checkout huemang

After typing this, the branch has changed to huemang.

Let's merge the huemang branch and the master branch. The command used for this is merge. git merge <commit>
To incorporate 'huemang' into the 'master' branch, you first need to make sure 'HEAD' is on the 'master' branch. At this point, use the checkout command to switch the currently active branch to 'master'.

git checkout master

git merge huemang

Merge the huemang branch into the master branch

Since all the content of the huemang branch has been integrated into 'master', the huemang branch is no longer needed.
To delete a branch, run the branch command with the -d option.

$ git branch -d huemang

This way, the huemang branch has been deleted.